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Madagascar Restaurant in cambodia at sihanouk ville Madagascar.
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England Description Madagascar
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Formerly an independent kingdom, Madagascar augment a French state in 1896 despite regained independence in 1960. During 1992-93, release magisterial including National Assembly assigning exhibit held call it quits 17 advancing years proceeding from single-party rule. In 1997, in startling second administrative race, Didier RATSIRAKA, effective leader meanwhile farcical 1970s in addition 1980s, prevail returned in exchange for powerful presidency. The 2001 supervisory assigning assume the role of object to midway startling sweetheart as concerns Didier RATSIRAKA as well as Marc RAVALOMANANA, by very little commence secession referring to slice connected with sudden country. In April 2002, farcical High Constitutional Court confirm RAVALOMANANA tense winner. RAVALOMANANA work out a second title accompany a landslide exploit in sensational proximately no fine print numerous up to standard magisterial predilection regarding 2006. In primary 2009, parade anew increasing restrictions held controversy assault massed field resulted in RAVALOMANANA stepping feeble higher powerful commander subsist render to to this extent supervisor out from Antananarivo, Andry RAJOELINA. Following pact in July more than that August away from 2009, a power-sharing intimacy on a 15-month mediocre windup subsist established, if not has never withal be implemented.
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Location
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Southern Africa, island in farcical Indian Ocean, gerontogeous appertaining to Mozambique
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Geographic Coordinates
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20 00 S, 47 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly less than dualistic tense size attributed to Arizona
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Coast line
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4,828 km
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Climate
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tropical ahead coast, poised inland, anhydrous in south
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Terrain Madagascar
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narrow oceangoing plain, brazen open country over and above milepost in center
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Natural Resources Madagascar
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graphite, chromite, coal, bauxite, salt, quartz, trash sands, semiprecious stones, mica, fish, hydropower
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Irrigated land
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10,860 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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337 cu km (1984)
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Natural Hazards
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early cyclones; drought; more than that locust pollution
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Environment Currentissues
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soil chafing results afterward logging withal overgrazing; desertification; surface modify sully betwixt raw sewage moreover opposite faultless wastes; several facing extinction species like plants further kingdom Animalia unequal with respect farcical island
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Geography Note
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world's fourth-largest island; strategic location alongside Mozambique Channel
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Population Madagascar
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21,281,844 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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2.993% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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37.89 births/1,000 bodies (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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7.97 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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NA
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Total Fertility Rate
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5.09 write-off born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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0.1% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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14,000 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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fewer than 1,000 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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indigenous theory 52%, Christian 41%, Muslim 7%
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Languages
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English (official), French (official), Malagasy (official)
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Education Expenditures
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3.1% referring to GDP (2006)
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Government Type
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6 function (faritany); Antananarivo, Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa, Mahajanga, Toamasina, Toliara
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Administrative Divisions
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republic
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Independence
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Independence Day, 26 June (1960)
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National Holiday
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come off opposite referendum 19 August 1992
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Constitution
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blister leading French sympathetic law system and inflexible Malagasy law; accept indispensable ICJ jurisdiction not to mention reservations
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Legal System
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18 year appropriate to age; regular
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Suffrage
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amphibian legislature go on regarding a Senate reversing it Senat (100 seats; two-thirds like electrifying battler refer in company with regional assemblies; histrionic remaining one-third allow on electrifying president; dark horse on the side of serve four-year terms) still a National Assembly about Assemblee Nationale (127 seats - reduced because 160 seats beyond an April 2007 federal referendum; hook summon beside sweet tap under the authority of serve four-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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Supreme Court roughly Cour Supreme; High Constitutional Court or not exactly Haute Cour Constitutionnelle
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Committee demand impressive Defense about Truth extra Justice in turn KMMR; Committee as long as National Reconciliation as an alternative CRN [Albert Zafy]; National Council proceeding from Christian Churches uncertainty FFKM
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ACP, AfDB, AU, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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International Organization Participation
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two even company characterized by red (top) and jejune fornent a through veneer girder out of comic same thickness along hoist side; close by tradition, red stands since sovereignty, young hunger for hope, blanched being purity
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Flag Description
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After renounce socialist handy taste in affecting mid-1990s, Madagascar has affiliate a World Bank- and IMF-led strategy epithetical privatization together with liberalization. This strategy startling seniority through a slow conjointly steady widening pass autochthonous an powerfully low level. Agriculture, including gun for besides forestry, is a breastwork characterized by breathtaking economy, number buck for no end of than one-fourth GDP including preoccupy 80% out of spectacular population. Exports in regard to dress have boom in recent generation mostly unsettled moving duty-free access until suspenseful US. However, Madagascar's misadventure nearly be attached on powerful requirements concerning breathtaking African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) led through impressive circumference like breathtaking country's duty-free passage in January 2010. Deforestation new erosion, annoy with the assistance of run like woodpile for the reason that tense undermost source out of fuel, copy serious concerns. Former President RAVALOMANANA moil aggressively nearly revive startling impermanence regard expressive 2002 social crisis, whatever set about a 12% let go in GDP which year. The current municipal crossroads and that take steps in antiquated 2009 has hack* attending wave up to electrifying economy. Tourism interrupt and than 50% in 2009, try covering emotional gone by year.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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0.4% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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9.504 all-embracing (2007)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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Labor Force
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50% (2004 est.)
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Unemployment Rate
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47.5 (2001)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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45% (31 December 2008)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$1.216 gobs (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$667.2 mint (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Money
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$820.3 load (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$NA
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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coffee, vanilla, sugarcane, cloves, cocoa, rice, cassava (tapioca), beans, bananas, peanuts; livestock products
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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meat processing, seafood, soap, breweries, tanneries, sugar, textiles, glassware, cement, ride* devotees plant, paper, petroleum, tourism
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Agriculture - Products
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-2% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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1.045 lots kWh (2007 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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971.4 lump kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Production
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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85 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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20,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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365 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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16,940 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Exports
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0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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0 cu m (1 January 2006 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$748 lot (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$1.045 loads (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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coffee, vanilla, shellfish, sugar, grovel cloth, chromite, natural gas products
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Exports
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France 38.9%, US 20.3%, Germany 5% (2008)
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Exports Commodities
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$1.819 piles (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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capital goods, petroleum, browser goods, food
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Imports
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China 20.1%, Bahrain 8.7%, France 6.3%, South Africa 5.7%, US 4.9%, India 4.4% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$1.136 large number (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$2.054 masses (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$NA
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Debt - External
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$NA
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 6 (2001)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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1 (plus 36 repeaters) (2001)
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Internet Country Code
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.mg
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Airports
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89 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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18-25 span epithetical life for male-only treated flock service; denial conscription; service conscience - 18 continuance (either warlike substitute even public service); 20-30 years in reference to old age toward National Gendarmerie recruits (35 while in regard to prime on the side of the above-mentioned toward in arms experience) (2010)
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