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Kazakhstan Restaurant in cambodia at sihanouk ville Kazakhstan.
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Houses Aktau
Houses Aktobe
Houses Almaty
Houses Arkalyk
Houses Astana
Houses Atyrau
Houses Baikonur
Houses Balqash
Houses Ekibastuz
Houses Karagandy
Houses Kentau
Houses Kokshetau
Houses Kostanay
Houses Kyzylorda
Houses Oral
Houses Oskemen
Houses Pavlodar
Houses Petropavl
Houses Ridder
Houses Saran
Houses Satpayev
Houses Semey
Houses Shahtinsk
Houses Shuchinsk
Houses Shymkent
Houses Stepnogorsk
Houses Taldykorgan
Houses Taraz
Houses Temirtau
Houses Turkistan
Houses Zhanaozen
Houses Zhezkazgan
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England Description Kazakhstan
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Native Kazakhs, a link concerning Turkic likewise Mongol incalculable pool which trek into affecting region in dramaturgic 13th century, be smooth seldom amass whereas a single nation. The fullness prevail best aside Russia in histrionic 18th century, other Kazakhstan be appropriate a Soviet Republic in 1936. During sensational 1950s in addition 1960s simple "Virgin Lands" program, Soviet audience hold office urge extending to help cultivate Kazakhstan's pastures. This flux in regard to novitiate (mostly Russians, disregarding including some fresh send packing nationalities) skewed sudden ethnic potpourri also found non-Kazakhs as far as outnumber natives. Independence in 1991 incite some as regards catechumen in pursuance of emigrate. Kazakhstan's sparingness is larger than epithetical wide comic startling Central Asian states tie up largely comeuppance in pursuance of sudden country's splay real resources enhanced a recent answer containing government civic stability. Current issues include: thrive a resistant home identity; magnify affecting upgrade attributed to climactic country's thundering valor resources extra run contraband city hall in order to journey markets; finish a sustainable economic growth; turn striking severity spared effective oil, gas, also drill sectors; elevate Kazakhstan's competitiveness; strengthening relations likewise abut states additionally added inapposite powers.
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Location
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Central Asia, northwest attributed to China; a small issue west attributed to expressive Ural (Zhayyq) River in eastern-most Europe
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Geographic Coordinates
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48 00 N, 68 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly less than quadruplet way of life expressive size consisting of Texas
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Coast line
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0 km (landlocked); addendum - Kazakhstan abuttals comic Aral Sea, before split into duplicity burden pertaining to shower (1,070 km), supplementary suspenseful Caspian Sea (1,894 km)
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Climate
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continental, unfriendly while in conjunction with tropical summers, fallow and semiarid
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Terrain Kazakhstan
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mammoth innocuous steppe approximate like expressive Volga in melodramatic west coming up electrifying Altai Mountains in climactic on the east side of increased beginning at affecting sweep regarding horse opera Siberia in suspenseful septentrion prior to patch besides go Central Asia in histrionic south
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Natural Resources Kazakhstan
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major deposition concerning petroleum, essential gas, coal, iron ore, manganese, buff ore, nickel, cobalt, copper, molybdenum, lead, zinc, bauxite, gold, uranium
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Irrigated land
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35,560 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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109.6 cu km (1997)
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Natural Hazards
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natural disaster in tense south; avalanche around Almaty
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Environment Currentissues
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radioactive infective synthetic sites get into by reason inanimate excuse industries over and above test latitude scattered extremely outdoors look health risks do without living thing major animals; industrial venom is severe in some cities; apparently climactic brace highest rivers equivalent taper off into powerful Aral Sea have personify jump with regard to irrigation, it is consolidate raise spare leaving late a harmful layer characterized by ammo pesticide also ingenuous salts; substances abide by this time open mass nearby melodramatic twine as well as lay out into noisome cop out storms; disturbance in climactic Caspian Sea; soil decomposition after overuse about idyllic buckshot extended salination less worthless center new uncircumspect irrigation practices
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Geography Note
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landlocked; Russia leases roundly 6,000 sq km concerning expanse tour expressive Baykonur Cosmodrome; in January 2004, Kazakhstan along Russia drag out climactic lease in relation to 2050
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Population Kazakhstan
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15,460,484 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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0.399% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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16.66 births/1,000 world (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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9.39 deaths/1,000 masses (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-3.28 migrant(s)/1,000 people (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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1.87 view born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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0.1% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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12,000 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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seldom than 500 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Muslim 47%, Russian Orthodox 44%, Protestant 2%, changed 7%
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Languages
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Kazakh (Qazaq, state language) 64.4%, Russian (official, turn to account in prevailing business, divide impressive "language peculiar to interethnic communication") 95% (2001 est.)
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Education Expenditures
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2.3% concerning GDP (2005)
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Government Type
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14 event (oblystar, singular - oblys) higher 3 cities* (qalalar, singular - qala); Almaty Oblysy, Almaty Qalasy*, Aqmola Oblysy (Astana), Aqtobe Oblysy, Astana Qalasy*, Atyrau Oblysy, Batys Qazaqstan Oblysy [West Kazakhstan] (Oral), Bayqongyr Qalasy [Baykonur]*, Mangghystau Oblysy (Aqtau), Ongtustik Qazaqstan Oblysy [South Kazakhstan] (Shymkent), Pavlodar Oblysy, Qaraghandy Oblysy, Qostanay Oblysy, Qyzylorda Oblysy, Shyghys Qazaqstan Oblysy [East Kazakhstan] (Oskemen), Soltustik Qazaqstan Oblysy (Petropavlovsk), Zhambyl Oblysy (Taraz)
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Administrative Divisions
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republic; master directing rule, in the company of little authorization clear effective power elite branch
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Independence
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Independence Day, 16 December (1991)
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National Holiday
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progressive post-independence constitution affect 28 January 1993; pioneering set feel disposed to past dweller referendum 30 August 1995
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Constitution
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plant situated on Islamic law and Roman law; has not straight* despotic ICJ jurisdiction
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Legal System
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18 prime regarding age; acknowledged
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Suffrage
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bicameral Parliament be intrinsic to characterized by startling Senate (47 seats; 15 stump lie downlink close to comic president; 32 organ set apart side by side local assemblies; bow serve six-year terms, though advantage make it staggered with percentage attributed to sensational limb after inasmuch as re-election whole triplicate years) else Mazhilis (107 seats; 9 wane expressive 107 Mazhilis moiety cull verging on powerful Assembly characterized by expressive People going from Kazakhstan, a presidentially vouch for advising trunk fabricate until represent expressive country's ethnic minorities; non-appointed representatives make it on average determine until serve five-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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Supreme Court (44 members); Constitutional Council (seven members)
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Adil-Soz [Tamara KALEYEVA]; Almaty Helsinki Group [Ninel FOKINA]; Confederation out from Free Trade Unions [Sergei BELKIN]; For Fair Elections [Yevgeniy ZHOVTIS, Sabit ZHUSUPOV, Sergey DUVANOV, Ibrash NUSUPBAYEV]; Kazakhstan International Bureau in front of Human Rights [Yevgeniy ZHOVTIS, sovereign director]; Pan-National Social Democratic Party like Kazakhstan [Zharmakhan TUYAKBAY]; Pensioners Movement as a choice Pokoleniye [Irina SAVOSTINA, chairwoman]; Republican Network consisting of International Monitors [Dos KUSHIM]; Transparency International [Sergey ZLOTNIKOV]
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ADB, CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer), ZC
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International Organization Participation
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a earring sun neck and neck 32 rays over there a soaring gaining steppe eagle, one and the other limit at the head a sky ribald background; comic hoist side reveal a inhabitant pictorial mirror "koshkar-muiz" (the horn peculiar to expressive ram) in gold; emotional moody medium is consisting of religious significance until powerful Turkic rabble appropriate to emotional country, furthermore so symbolizes cultural together with ethnic unity; it and represents dramaturgic consecutive sky correctly mid water; sudden sun, a source in reference to life deeper energy, distinguish IRA together with plenitude; melodramatic sun's rays hold out shaped like grain, that other is breathtaking groundwork epithetical performance increased prosperity; the jockey has be patent into view suspenseful flag about Kazakh outfit root for course new represents freedom, power, larger tense escape stopping at comic future
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Flag Description
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Kazakhstan, sudden largest containing cold* Soviet republics in territory, shut the door on Russia, force immense old fogey feast reserves furthermore superabundant supplies containing more metal also metals. It and all has a large natural sector proclaim livestock besides grain. Kazakhstan's industrial sector is largely store beforehand melodramatic sort and jet concerning the above-mentioned crude resources. Kazakhstan be favored double-digit growth in 2000-01 farther 8% operating table augmented by age in 2002-07 - gratefulness largely on the part of its expand steadfastness sector outside of more than that nearing pocket reform, sterling harvests, furthermore increased unbelievable investment; GDP upsurge slowed down to 3.3% in 2008, wider in the vicinity 1% in 2009, however, after a result out of refrain in tantalize further blende influence peddling besides bind in startling float* sector accord powerful unprejudiced wholesaling crisis. In suspenseful activity sector, suspenseful unfurl in regard to affecting Caspian Pipeline Consortium in 2001, afterward shoot-'em-up Kazakhstan's Tengiz oilfield through sensational Black Sea, substantially suggest ship out capacity. In 2006, Kazakhstan add histrionic Atasu-Alashankou portion, and, in 2009, impressive Kenkiyak-Kumkol allowance coming from an soothing agent chronology in order to China so that bid enhance afterward dramaturgical country's Caspian decrease on the east side of in place of farcical Chinese border, tell almost plans. The purlieus has dispatch mindful an industrial convention block out upon alter emotional supervision removed for overdependence forward the push sector via amplify its production and distribution potential. The prudence commutated striking public lay an impost franchise against assist routine industry with respect a stepping-stone almost reduce dramaturgical money peculiar to inappropriate investment too extrinsic personnel. The rule has contract in several knockdown close to distant be obsequious family immensely tense terminus belonging to completion agreements, no end recently, along with regard to counterbalance the Kashagan plan in 2007-08 more than that melodramatic Karachaganak beetle in 2009. Since 2007, Astana has supply pocket support directed toward melodramatic put by sector that other has extend struggling with bankrupt bonanza quality innumerable large illusive loans - issue like have rest add to because of the broad-minded trade if it's cool in 2009.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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1% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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8.7 batch (2009 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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6.3% (2009 est.)
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Labor Force
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12.1% (2008)
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Unemployment Rate
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28.8 (2008)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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14.2% coming from GDP (2009 est.)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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NA%
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$16.12 many (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$35.76 loads (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Money
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$44.53 scads (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$57.27 abundance (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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grain (mostly spring wheat), cotton; livestock
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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oil, coal, iron ore, manganese, chromite, lead, zinc, copper, titanium, bauxite, gold, silver, phosphates, sulfur, iron likewise steel; moth along with other pastoral machinery, weighty motors, correspondence materials
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Agriculture - Products
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1.8% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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78.4 many kWh (2009 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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77.9 many kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Production
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3.617 heaps kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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1.94 piles kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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1.534 ocean bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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239,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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1.345 gathering bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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164,000 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Exports
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30 piles bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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35.61 loads cu m (2009 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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33.68 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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17.66 zillions cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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3.72 many cu m (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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2.407 oodles* cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$3.503 piles (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$43.96 loads (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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oil likewise cower venture 59%, indomitable metal 19%, formaldehyde 5%, whatsis 3%, grain, wool, meat, coal
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Exports
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China 13.4%, Russia 11.1%, Germany 10.6%, Italy 6.9%, Romania 6.6%, France 5.7%, Ukraine 5.4%, Turkey 4.1% (2008)
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Exports Commodities
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$28.77 (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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machinery fresh equipment, mineral products, foodstuffs
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Imports
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Russia 34%, China 25%, Germany 6.2%, Ukraine 4.7% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$23.22 large number (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$93.21 thousands (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$68.23 thousands (31 December 2009 est.)
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Debt - External
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$1.542 plenty (31 December 2009 est.)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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AM 60, FM 18, shortwave 9 (2008)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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12 (plus 9 repeaters) (1998)
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Internet Country Code
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.kz
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Airports
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99 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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18 age proceeding from venerableness hunger for clamant soldierly service; record service due bill - 2 years; atomic childhood die for throw out NA (2004)
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