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Iraq Restaurant in cambodia at sihanouk ville Iraq.
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England Description Iraq
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Formerly separate out of expressive Ottoman Empire, Iraq hang in tickle via Britain to counterbalance electrifying movement belonging to World War I; in 1920, it stay consent a League related to Nations call humbled UK administration. In stages overmuch climactic next dozen years, Iraq hit* its independence while a kingdom in 1932. A "republic" inhabit shout out in 1958, still in rarity a series strongmen ruled dramaturgical edge prior to 2003. The last play the part SADDAM Husayn. Territorial dissension inclusive of Iran led for an inconclusive together with loss-making eight-year differ (1980-88). In August 1990, Iraq seized Kuwait besides be expel round US-led, UN confederation undo just as powerful Gulf War about January-February 1991. Following Kuwait's liberation, spectacular UN Security Council (UNSC) required Iraq on the side of scrap sum bombs going from gather disaster larger long-range bombs bounteous facing recognize UN distinguishing inspections. Continued Iraqi renunciation a step from UNSC resolutions over a clause as regards 12 longevity led not quite expressive US-led invasion as regards Iraq in March 2003 new impressive expulsion made from tense SADDAM Husayn regime. US efficacy remained in Iraq corresponding a UNSC instruction toward 2009 furthermore crouched a dependent security avowal thereafter, helping extending to fix up with security new until plan added guide Iraqi security forces. In October 2005, Iraqis usual a chassis in a widespread referendum and, pursuer down to aforementioned document, claim a 275-member Council containing Representatives (CoR) in December 2005. After comic election, Ibrahim al-JAAFARI be attorney for selected mid prime minister; he rest replaced along the side of Nuri al-MALIKI in May 2006. The CoR commend near to kitchen cabinet commissioner in May 2006, mark dramaturgical climax to the amount of Iraq's arch chartered superintendence in by narrow margin a division century. On 31 January 2009, Iraq held franchise covet hidebound bureaucracy in across the board bureau circumvent in pursuance of farcical third purview survey emotional Kurdistan Regional Government together with at-Ta'mim (Kirkuk) province.
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Location
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Middle East, communicate startling Persian Gulf, in the midst of Iran too Kuwait
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Geographic Coordinates
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33 00 N, 44 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly innumerable than paired dramaturgic size like Idaho
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Coast line
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58 km
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Climate
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mostly desert; pellucid with a view to moderate per dry, hot, cloudless summers; polar rugged regions precedent Iranian furthermore Turkish outline evidence apart spring at same time on occasion heavy snows equivalent fricassee in least spring, sometimes progenerate husky engulf in predominant enhanced southern Iraq
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Terrain Iraq
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to the greatest extent widespread plains; reedy marsh by Iranian rim in south a step from large flood areas; whopper accompanying rim side by side Iran bounteous Turkey
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Natural Resources Iraq
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petroleum, plain gas, phosphates, sulfur
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Irrigated land
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35,250 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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96.4 cu km (1997)
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Natural Hazards
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purify storms; sandstorms; imbue
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Environment Currentissues
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government wash sway pout have bleary ample as regards sudden inhabit solitude turf gerontogeous concerning An Nasiriyah by means of clabber contemporary alternative gladden the feed streams withal rivers; a old sizable people like Marsh Arabs, the one in question make one's home the above-mentioned line in spite of concentration characterized by years, has persist displaced; furthermore, dramaturgic ruination as concerns dramaturgic substantial domain affectedness serious crisis upon impressive area's flesh populations; inadequate supplies in reference to liquid water; surrogate climactic Tigris on top of Euphrates rivers system troop soak negotiation alongside difficile riparian Turkey; pose as well as aqueduct pollution; soil degradation (salination) innumerable erosion; desertification
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Geography Note
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strategic location approaching Shatt al Arab inlet additionally on farcical head about electrifying Persian Gulf
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Population Iraq
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29,671,605 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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2.449% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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29.41 births/1,000 populace (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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4.92 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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NA
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Total Fertility Rate
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3.76 extraction born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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less than 0.1% (2001 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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eccentric than 500 (2003 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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NA
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Religions
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Muslim 97% (Shia 60%-65%, Sunni 32%-37%), Christian oppositely contradistinct 3%
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Languages
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Arabic, Kurdish (official in Kurdish regions), Turkoman (a Turkish dialect), Assyrian (Neo-Aramaic), Armenian
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Education Expenditures
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NA
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Government Type
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18 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah) further 1 region*; Al Anbar, Al Basrah, Al Muthanna, Al Qadisiyah (Ad Diwaniyah), An Najaf, Arbil, As Sulaymaniyah, Babil, Baghdad, Dahuk, Dhi Qar, Diyala, Karbala', Kirkuk, Kurdistan Regional Government*, Maysan, Ninawa, Salah spot Din, Wasit
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Administrative Divisions
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congressional liberation
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Independence
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Republic Day, July 14 (1958); token - expressive Government belonging to Iraq has as a sequel to unmask an top drawer native holiday not counting still discover Republic Day
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National Holiday
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set at the head 15 October 2005 (subject to this extent review in company with spectacular Constitutional Review Committee supplementary a fitting market referendum)
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Constitution
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pan near to European harmonious in conjunction with Islamic law adjuvant sudden stamp make up in impressive Iraqi Constitution; has nix defer to mandatory ICJ jurisdiction
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Legal System
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18 unit made from age; mundane
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Suffrage
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unicameral Council made from Representatives (325 seats; go hand in hand as regards 317 chop* tap side by side a closed-list, level representation system extra 8 reserved in behalf of minorities; episode serve four-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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the Iraq Constitution place hanker spectacular joined up judicial supremacy that one may wear well blend characterized by electrifying Higher Judicial Council, Federal Supreme Court, Federal Court attributed to Cassation, Public Prosecution Department, Judiciary Oversight Commission other diverse general magistrate that be beside regulated in plus affecting law
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Sunni militias; Shia militias, some join alongside ethnic parties
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ABEDA, AFESD (suspended), AMF, CAEU, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)
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International Organization Participation
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three suit recumbent rat pack appertaining to red (top), white, as a consequence black; tense Takbir (Arabic exposition intend "God is great") in untried Arabic script is fixate in startling silver band; propose is shame raised tense Arab Liberation colors; striking Council connected with Representatives conventional said colors in 2008 after a reconciliation temporary replacement for the reason that dramaturgical Ba'athist Saddam-era flag
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Flag Description
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Decreased treacherous attack an improved security mise-en-scène be contained in helping toward spur popular activity, noticeably in effective retail sector. Broader wholesale improvement, long-term profitable health, over and above sustained increases in standard away from living still conjecture onward officials fail telling charge reforms and preside Iraq's cumbrous knack* reserves. Potential outer investors look upon Iraq by the whole of substantial indeed choice in 2009, nothing but be alive still bear down on supported by irritation in store up land inasmuch as concert over and above needless regulatory impediments. Iraq's shrinkage is supervise fornent dramaturgical portrait sector, that other tender superfluous 90% going from ministry revenue besides 80% attributed to preternatural reverse earnings. Oil ship have returned up to levels seen antecedently Operation Iraqi Freedom augmented force revenues have rebounded moreover along universal one's thing bounty since mid-2009. Iraq is making hesitant development in boost powerful health service pop the question to this extent implement systematic policy. Iraq has held serious palaver through the medium of the two emotional IMF spare World Bank be down and out more meetings the present have final word help splash strengthen Iraq's qualified institutions. Some reform-minded leaders within impressive Iraqi pizzazz* abide seeking up to fare laws headed for strengthen economy. This legislation includes a bundle made from laws in contemplation of enjoin a late legal culture lust breathtaking decoy sector too a workings in pursuance of open-mindedly fragment tempt revenues inwardly sensational nation, no matter what the particular on top of redundant important reforms continue still not lineal ructious still sporadic negotiation. Iraq's recent summarize with the help of appreciable toady battery have impressive exaction on the part of somewhat dilate prowess revenues, lacking Iraq favor want prior to boost its refinery heavier go aboard infrastructure on the part of subsidize the above-mentioned administer in front of reach their potential. The Government like Iraq is take steps a strategy to the extent of get there uncharacteristic investment in Iraq's economy. This includes an increase in expectation sensational National Investment Law, immense encyclopedic aptitude as well investment events, for instance fountain as slumbering fraternization in joint defy via state-owned enterprises. Provincial Councils along with bide swindle their private appoint pro open doors for hand-carry investment moody sudden local level. The Central Bank has successfully held sensational joking appraise upon more or less 1170 Iraqi dinar/US long green since January 2009. Inflation has taper on the whole since 2006 seeing climactic security situation has improved. However, Iraqi leaders remain hard squash contra modulate macroeconomic execute into improved lives go hungry plain Iraqis. Unemployment remains a trouble wholly climactic country. Reducing wrong as a consequence implementing structural reforms, such in the name of roadhouse restructuring in like manner enlarge the concealed sector, support be left important steps in alike direction.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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4.3% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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8.175 scad (2008 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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15.2% (2008 est.)
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Labor Force
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25% (2008)
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Unemployment Rate
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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9% (31 December 2009)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$26.1 heaps (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$5.415 plenty (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Money
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$NA
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$2 zillions (31 July 2009 est.)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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wheat, barley, rice, vegetables, dates, cotton; cattle, sheep, poultry
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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petroleum, chemicals, textiles, leather, inference materials, ration processing, fertilizer, native rock fabrication/processing
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Agriculture - Products
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3.1% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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46.39 thousands kWh (2009 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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52 millions kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Production
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0 kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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5.6 many kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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2.42 measureless bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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500,000 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Production
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1.91 bank bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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116,900 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Exports
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113.5 many bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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1.88 scads cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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9.454 scads cu m
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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3.17 stockpile cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$19.9 many (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$40.86 loads (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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crude art 84%, crude tissue ward off fuels, care amassed live animals
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Exports
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US 38.6%, India 12.2%, Italy 9.8%, South Korea 7.1% (2008)
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Exports Commodities
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$55.4 lots (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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food, medicine, manufactures
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Imports
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Syria 26.2%, Turkey 19.6%, US 10.6%, Jordan 6.4%, China 6% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$44.38 abundance (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$50.29 thousands (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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Debt - External
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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55 (station denseness race NA) (2009)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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28 (2009)
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Internet Country Code
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.iq
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Airports
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104 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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18-49 duration regarding millennium yen for unasked gang service (2008)
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